Democracy is a strange
animal. People, sometimes hopelessly ill-informed, are asked to vote every now
and again (but not too often). They could easily vote on every initiative with
the power of the Internet, but that would clearly not work. For one thing,
Capital Punishment would be back on the books in record time! So, the powers
that be, in their wisdom, are careful to limit the slightly unpredictable act
of voting, and putting at risk the jobs, livelihood and power of a deserving
set of public servants (or ‘fatheads’, you choose). To do this, there is
manipulation, fake news, ‘Russian’ bots, lies, distractions, calls to
patriotism, racism and, in many cases, the withdrawal of the public’s most
basic right – to participate.
From El Confidencial comes an
essay on some of the tricks:
‘...in the 2004 presidential
elections in Ukraine, a large number of voters went to the polls in the hope of
overthrowing President Viktor Yanukovych. Upon arrival at the polling stations,
opposition supporters were given ballots and pens to mark the appropriate box.
They then went home with the peace of mind that they had done their democratic
duty. But four minutes later, the ballots were blank. The pens they had been
given had ink that disappeared, so their votes were null and void.
The Ukraine anecdote is not
an isolated case. In the 1998 St. Petersburg mayoral elections, the government
sought to neutralize an opposition figure whose popularity was worrying. His
name was Oleg Sergeyev. To confuse the electorate, they found both a pensioner
and a tram driver who were also called Oleg Sergeyev. There were no photographs
on the ballots, so citizens did not know who the "real" one was. With
so much of the vote split, all three Olegs ended up losing...’.
The Brexit case is also a
tonic. First, we know that the Brexiteers spent vastly over budget, we also
know of hugely wealthy people spending millions in support of the proposal, we
are familiar with Cambridge Analytica
and its
tactics and we also aware of the political lies and manipulations (the NHS
bus for example) during the campaign. Furthermore, we know that a large number
of Britons, those who would most be affected by a successful Brexit, were
either not allowed (‘the fifteen year rule’) or not able, due to various
considerations, to vote at all.
In the USA, ex-felons are
generally not allowed to vote, neither those currently in jail. An article
in The New York Times quotes an
estimate that ‘...6.1 million Americans had been barred from voting because of
felony disenfranchisement laws...’ adding that ‘...experts say that disparities
in sentencing can make felony voting laws inherently discriminatory against
minorities and people with low incomes...’. In the UK, prisoners can’t vote (The Guardian here),
in the rest of the EU and certainly Spain, they generally can (El Mundo here).
In Catalonia, the *banned*
ballot boxes and papers of last October’s independence referendum were smuggled
in to the 2,315 polling stations by local people (El País here
and BBC News here). That’s some
dedication!
Things at a local level,
where one might expect a level playing field, are just as bad.
In our local elections here
in Spain (May 26th next year, put a note in your diary), besides Spaniards
registered on the local padrón and
over 18 years of age, most foreign nationals can vote and some can even appear
on a political papeleta, a list. Other foreign nationals can’t (and this may well
include the British as April 1st is – appropriately – the first day of a new
reality following on from the Brexit).
But even if you can vote in
village life, the ‘Families’ will control how you and your cousins will cast
your lot. The same candidates may buy votes (particularly from Eastern
Europeans on the padrón) for a few
hundred euros each and an overseen postal vote (Mojácar famously went from 1%
in the national elections to over
18% in the 2011 local elections). Remember, in local elections, the voters
generally know the candidates and rarely choose 'policy' or even party over friendship and accommodation.
Lastly, and returning to the
USA, Truthout has a
title to worry about: ‘You Know Election Systems are in trouble when it
takes an 11-year-old ten minutes to Change the Results’. Mind you, she had a
laptop (and a lollipop).
Today, there are more
elections than ever before, but, paradoxically, the world is becoming
increasingly undemocratic. After all, there’s not much point in calling an
election unless you expect to win, and now there are all sorts of fresh ways to
help you.